羽毛球规则解析：初学者双语指南

好的，这是一篇为中英文初学者准备的羽毛球规则双语指南，内容涵盖了最核心的规则，语言简洁明了。

**Badminton Rules Explained: A Bilingual Guide for Beginners**

欢迎来到羽毛球的精彩世界！无论你是想和朋友轻松对打，还是准备开始正式学习，了解基本规则是第一步。本指南将用中英文为你解析羽毛球的核心规则。

Welcome to the exciting world of badminton! Whether you want to play casually with friends or start learning formally, understanding the basic rules is the first step. This guide will explain the core rules of badminton to you in both Chinese and English.

**1. 场地与装备 Court & Equipment**

* **场地 (Court):**

* 羽毛球场地是一个长方形，被网分成两个半场。有单打和双打两条边线。

* The badminton court is a rectangle divided in half by a net. There are boundary lines for singles and doubles.

* **球拍 (Racket):**

* 用来击球的工具。

* The tool used to hit the shuttlecock.

* **羽毛球 (Shuttlecock):**

* 可以用天然羽毛或合成材料制成。底部是半球形的软木或合成球托。

* It can be made with natural feathers or synthetic materials. The base is a cork or synthetic hemisphere.

**2. 计分系统 Scoring System**

* **现代计分法 (Modern Scoring):**

* 采用每球得分制，21分一局。先得21分的一方赢得该局。

* It uses a rally scoring system. A match is played to 21 points. The first side to reach 21 points wins the game.

* **获胜一局 (Winning a Game):**

* 如果比分达到20-20，需一方领先2分才能获胜（例如22-20, 23-21）。如果比分达到29-29，先得30分的一方获胜。

* If the score reaches 20-20, a side must win by a 2-point lead (e.g., 22-20, 23-21). If the score reaches 29-29, the first side to get 30 points wins.

* **比赛场数 (Match):**

* 一场比赛通常采用三局两胜制。

* A match is usually the best of three games.

**3. 发球规则 Serving Rules**

发球是比赛的开始，规则稍复杂。

The serve starts the rally and has slightly more complex rules.

* **发球权 (Serving Rights):**

* 得分的一方获得发球权。如果发球方得分，则由原发球者继续发球；如果接发球方得分，则接发球方获得发球权。

* The side that wins a rally scores a point and gets the next serve. If the serving side wins the rally, the same server serves again. If the receiving side wins the rally, they become the new serving side.

* **发球姿势 (Serving Position):**

* 发球时，脚不能移动或离开地面。球拍必须向前下方击球，使球拍杆指向下方，且球的整个底部低于发球员的腰部。

* During the serve, your feet must not move or leave the ground. The racket must hit the shuttlecock in an upward direction, with the shuttlecock's entire base below the server's waist.

* **发球区 (Service Courts):**

* **单打 (Singles):** 发球方分数为**偶数**时在**右**半区发球，分数为**奇数**时在**左**半区发球。发球需发到对角线的对方发球区。

* **Doubles:** 规则更复杂，但核心是发球方分数为**偶数**时由站在**右**半区的球员发球，为**奇数**时由站在**左**半区的球员发球。接发球方的站位需与发球方对应。

* **Singles:** When the server's score is an **even** number, serve from the **right** service court. When the score is **odd**, serve from the **left** service court. You must serve diagonally to your opponent's service court.

* **Doubles:** The rules are more complex, but the core idea is that the serving side's score determines the starting server (right court for even, left for odd). The receiving side's positions must mirror the servers.

**4. 比赛进行中 During the Rally**

* **有效击球 (Legal Hit):**

* 球必须在空中被击打过网，不能在地上拖拽或抛接。

* The shuttlecock must be hit in mid-air over the net. You cannot scoop, throw, or carry it.

* **得分/失分 (Winning/Losing a Point):**

* 以下情况你会失分，对方得分：

* You lose the point (and your opponent gains a point) if:

1. 球落在你方场界内。The shuttle lands inside your court boundaries.

2. 你击球出界。You hit the shuttle out of bounds.

3. 球未过网。The shuttle fails to go over the net.

4. 你触网。You touch the net with your body or racket.

5. 球碰到你的身体。The shuttle touches your body.

6. 你“连击”或“持球”。You hit the shuttle twice in a row or "carry" it on your racket.

**5. 常见术语 Common Terms**

* **换发球 (Side Out):** 发球权从一方转移到另一方。

* Change of serve. The right to serve passes from one side to the other.

* **局点 (Game Point):** 再得一分即可赢得该局。

* A situation where a player/team needs only one more point to win the game.

* **赛点 (Match Point):** 再得一分即可赢得整场比赛。

* A situation where a player/team needs only one more point to win the entire match.

* **重发球 (Let):** 比赛中止，该分不计，重新发球。

* A stoppage of play where the rally does not count and is replayed.

**总结 Conclusion**

掌握这些基本规则，你已经可以自信地踏上球场了！记住，多练习是提高的关键。祝你玩得开心！

With these basic rules mastered, you can now confidently step onto the court! Remember, practice is the key to improvement. Have fun playing!